How to choose a lithium battery, ternary lithium battery or lithium iron phosphate battery

Price the same case to choose a ternary lithium battery or lithium iron phosphate? The general preference for ternary lithium can have a better range and low-temperature characteristics. Still, we usually will not have such a choice because of lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium manufacturing costs. There is a particular gap; high-level cars with electric car models generally choose ternary lithium batteries, and low-electric cars choose lithium iron phosphate.

The following details are the difference between lithium ternary and iron phosphate batteries.

1, Ternary lithium high energy density

Ternary lithium energy density is generally 180-230Wh/kg, and high nickel ternary lithium battery can easily reach 250Wh/kg, but high nickel will increase battery instability. The lithium iron phosphate energy density is generally 140-160 Wh/kg, the highest or up to 180Wh/kg. Blade battery also belongs to lithium iron phosphate, such as the first generation of blade battery has an energy density of 140 Wh/kg, and the second generation achieves 180 Wh/kg.
To be precise, the battery energy density is divided into weight energy density and volume energy density, the former we often talk about; the latter is less important but is very important. Such as the blade battery structure innovation and volume energy density from 251Wh / L to 320Wh / L; although the weight energy density is not high, the range caught up with the ternary lithium.

2, ternary lithium is more resistant to low temperature

The lithium battery will become a weak chicken in low temperatures, lithium iron phosphate’s low-temperature limit value is generally -20 ℃, lithium ternary can withstand -30 ℃ low temperature, and 0 to -20 ℃, lithium battery attenuation of about 10% -30%, and lithium ternary attenuation degree is generally 10% lower than lithium iron phosphate. At present, many car companies and battery manufacturers are developing more advanced thermal management technology as a way to improve the low-temperature performance of power batteries.

3, lithium iron phosphate has a longer life

Ternary lithium battery charge and discharge cycle number are generally 2000 times, while lithium iron phosphate is generally 3000, and ternary lithium is 1.5 times. Battery life will not be expressed in years, but using the number of charges and discharge cycles for the old, such as 2000 times, the charge and discharge cycle 2000 times after the battery decay is less than 20%. After 2000 cycles, the battery capacity is equivalent to only 80%, continuing to use or decay constantly.

4, lithium iron phosphate is safer

Through the needling test, the traditional lithium iron phosphate batteries, without open flame or smoke, the surface temperature reached 200 ℃ ~ 400 ℃. In contrast, the lithium ternary needling instantly appeared after the temperature rise of more than 500 degrees and began to burn violently.

5, lithium iron phosphate cost is lower

Previously, the average cost of the battery industry shows that lithium iron phosphate is 0.6 yuan / Wh, and ternary batteries 0.8 yuan / Wh. With 60kWh of batteries, ternary lithium batteries cost 48,000 yuan, and lithium iron phosphate costs 36,000 yuan, a difference of 12,000 yuan. Into 2022, the supply chain, nickel, and cobalt, two metals, rose significantly, resulting in a significant increase in the cost of ternary lithium; lithium iron phosphate costs rose relatively small; Tesla purchased blade batteries to reduce the cost of the vehicle.

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